C++ Programming Code Examples
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Use find the search an element in deque
/* Use find the search an element in deque */
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
#include <deque>
#include <algorithm> // For find
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
deque<int> deque1(&x[0], &x[5]);
// Search for the first occurrence
deque<int>::iterator where = find(deque1.begin(), deque1.end(), 1);
cout << *where << endl;
return 0;
}
/*
1
*/
C++ find() function is part of the standard library function which tries to find the first occurrence of the specified range of element where the range starts with first range to last range and that iterator encounters the first element, compares for the value which must be equal after all possible comparisons and if no element is found it returns the last element. For making all the comparisons it makes use of the operator = for comparison. If find() function performs any unnecessary action it throws exceptions that are not required by the programmer. Find value in range. Returns an iterator to the first element in the range [first,last) that compares equal to val. If no such element is found, the function returns last. The function uses operator== to compare the individual elements to val.
Return iterator to beginning. Returns an iterator pointing to the first element in the deque container. Notice that, unlike member deque::front, which returns a reference to the first element, this function returns a random access iterator pointing to it. If the container is empty, the returned iterator value shall not be dereferenced. deque::begin() is an inbuilt function in C++ STL which is declared in header file. deque::begin() returns an iterator which is referencing to the first element of the deque container associated with the function. Both begin() and end() are used to iterate through the deque container. This function does not accept any parameter.
Return iterator to end. Returns an iterator referring to the past-the-end element in the deque container. The past-the-end element is the theoretical element that would follow the last element in the deque container. It does not point to any element, and thus shall not be dereferenced. Because the ranges used by functions of the standard library do not include the element pointed by their closing iterator, this function is often used in combination with deque::begin to specify a range including all the elements in the container. If the container is empty, this function returns the same as deque::begin. deque::end() is an inbuilt function in C++ STL which is declared in<deque> header file. deque::end() returns an iterator which is referencing next to the last element of the deque container associated with the function. Both begin() and end() are used to iterate through the deque container.
A program shall contain a global function named main, which is the designated start of the program in hosted environment. main() function is the entry point of any C++ program. It is the point at which execution of program is started. When a C++ program is executed, the execution control goes directly to the main() function. Every C++ program have a main() function.
deque (usually pronounced like "deck") is an irregular acronym of double-ended queue. Double-ended queues are sequence containers with dynamic sizes that can be expanded or contracted on both ends (either its front or its back). Specific libraries may implement deques in different ways, generally as some form of dynamic array. But in any case, they allow for the individual elements to be accessed directly through random access iterators, with storage handled automatically by expanding and contracting the container as needed. Therefore, they provide a functionality similar to vectors, but with efficient insertion and deletion of elements also at the beginning of the sequence, and not only at its end. But, unlike vectors, deques are not guaranteed to store all its elements in contiguous storage locations: accessing elements in a deque by offsetting a pointer to another element causes undefined behavior.
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