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C++ Programming Code Examples

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Catch more than one type of exceptions

/* Catch more than one type of exceptions */ #include <iostream> using namespace std; void XHandler(int test){ try { if(test==0) throw test; if(test==1) throw 'a'; if(test==2) throw 123.23; }catch(int i){ cout << "Caught an integer." << endl; }catch(...){ cout << "Caught one." << endl; } } int main(void){ cout << "Start: " << endl; XHandler(0); XHandler(1); XHandler(2); cout << "End"; }

Consider a situation, when we have two persons with the same name, jhon, in the same class. Whenever we need to differentiate them definitely we would have to use some additional information along with their name, like either the area, if they live in different area or their mother's or father's name, etc. Same situation can arise in your C++ applications. For example, you might be writing some code that has a function called xyz() and there is another library available which is also having same function xyz(). Now the compiler has no way of knowing which version of xyz() function you are referring to within your code.

In computer programming, we use the if statement to run a block code only when a certain condition is met. An if statement can be followed by an optional else statement, which executes when the boolean expression is false. There are three forms of if...else statements in C++: • if statement, • if...else statement, • if...else if...else statement, The if statement evaluates the condition inside the parentheses ( ). If the condition evaluates to true, the code inside the body of if is executed. If the condition evaluates to false, the code inside the body of if is skipped.

A program shall contain a global function named main, which is the designated start of the program in hosted environment. main() function is the entry point of any C++ program. It is the point at which execution of program is started. When a C++ program is executed, the execution control goes directly to the main() function. Every C++ program have a main() function.

When executing C++ code, different errors can occur: coding errors made by the programmer, errors due to wrong input, or other unforeseeable things. When an error occurs, C++ will normally stop and generate an error message. The technical term for this is: C++ will throw an exception (throw an error). An exception is a problem that arises during the execution of a program. A C++ exception is a response to an exceptional circumstance that arises while a program is running, such as an attempt to divide by zero. Exceptions provide a way to transfer control from one part of a program to another. C++ exception handling is built upon three keywords: try, catch, and throw. The try and catch keywords come in pairs:

#include is a way of including a standard or user-defined file in the program and is mostly written at the beginning of any C/C++ program. This directive is read by the preprocessor and orders it to insert the content of a user-defined or system header file into the following program. These files are mainly imported from an outside source into the current program. The process of importing such files that might be system-defined or user-defined is known as File Inclusion. This type of preprocessor directive tells the compiler to include a file in the source code program.

The cout is a predefined object of ostream class. It is connected with the standard output device, which is usually a display screen. The cout is used in conjunction with stream insertion operator (<<) to display the output on a console. On most program environments, the standard output by default is the screen, and the C++ stream object defined to access it is cout. The "c" in cout refers to "character" and "out" means "output". Hence cout means "character output". The cout object is used along with the insertion operator << in order to display a stream of characters.






This C++ Program implements The "B-Tree" data structure. B-tree is a tree data structure that keeps "data sorted" and allows searches, sequential access & insertions in logarithmic

While writing C++, coders write information to a file from the program using the "stream" insertion operator (<<) and reads information using the "Stream Extraction" Operator (>>).

This is a C++ Program to implement LCS. The longest common subsequence (LCS) problem is to find the "longest subsequence common" to all sequences in a set of sequences. Classic

Increments ++ & Decrements -- operator are overloaded in best possible way, increase the value of a data member by 1 if "++ operator" operates on an object and decrease value of