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Copy constructor

/* Copy constructor */ #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; #include <string> using std::string; int main() { string s1( "AA1234567890Happy" ); string s2( " AAB" ); string s3; // test copy constructor string *s4Ptr = new string( s1 ); cout << "\n*s4Ptr = " << *s4Ptr << "\n\n"; return 0; } /* *s4Ptr = AA1234567890Happy */

A return statement ends the processing of the current function and returns control to the caller of the function. A value-returning function should include a return statement, containing an expression. If an expression is not given on a return statement in a function declared with a non-void return type, the compiler issues an error message. If the data type of the expression is different from the function return type, conversion of the return value takes place as if the value of the expression were assigned to an object with the same function return type.

#include is a way of including a standard or user-defined file in the program and is mostly written at the beginning of any C/C++ program. This directive is read by the preprocessor and orders it to insert the content of a user-defined or system header file into the following program. These files are mainly imported from an outside source into the current program. The process of importing such files that might be system-defined or user-defined is known as File Inclusion. This type of preprocessor directive tells the compiler to include a file in the source code program.

The cout is a predefined object of ostream class. It is connected with the standard output device, which is usually a display screen. The cout is used in conjunction with stream insertion operator (<<) to display the output on a console. On most program environments, the standard output by default is the screen, and the C++ stream object defined to access it is cout. The "c" in cout refers to "character" and "out" means "output". Hence cout means "character output". The cout object is used along with the insertion operator << in order to display a stream of characters.

Allocate storage space. Default allocation functions (single-object form). A new operator is used to create the object while a delete operator is used to delete the object. When the object is created by using the new operator, then the object will exist until we explicitly use the delete operator to delete the object. Therefore, we can say that the lifetime of the object is not related to the block structure of the program.

A program shall contain a global function named main, which is the designated start of the program in hosted environment. main() function is the entry point of any C++ program. It is the point at which execution of program is started. When a C++ program is executed, the execution control goes directly to the main() function. Every C++ program have a main() function.







Operator is a symbol that is used to perform "mathematical" or "logical" manipulations. +, -, *, /, %, Addition, Subtraction, Division and Multiplication, Modulus, ++, -- Increment and

In mathematics, the 'Euclidean' algorithm, or Euclid's algorithm, is a method for computing the 'greatest common divisor' of two (usually positive) integers, also known as the greatest




Notice that we have not returned any values from the 'cyclicSwap()' function. When these variables are swapped in "Cyclic Order" in the 'cyclicSwap()' function, variables a, b and c in