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C++ Programming Code Examples

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This program illustrates a simple if-else statement.

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/* This program illustrates a simple if-else statement. */ #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a, b; cout << "Enter first number: "; cin >> a; cout << "Enter second number: "; cin >> b; if(a < b) cout << "First number is less than second.\n"; else cout << "First number is greater than or equal to second.\n"; return 0; }

Consider a situation, when we have two persons with the same name, jhon, in the same class. Whenever we need to differentiate them definitely we would have to use some additional information along with their name, like either the area, if they live in different area or their mother's or father's name, etc. Same situation can arise in your C++ applications. For example, you might be writing some code that has a function called xyz() and there is another library available which is also having same function xyz(). Now the compiler has no way of knowing which version of xyz() function you are referring to within your code.

A return statement ends the processing of the current function and returns control to the caller of the function. A value-returning function should include a return statement, containing an expression. If an expression is not given on a return statement in a function declared with a non-void return type, the compiler issues an error message. If the data type of the expression is different from the function return type, conversion of the return value takes place as if the value of the expression were assigned to an object with the same function return type.

The cout is a predefined object of ostream class. It is connected with the standard output device, which is usually a display screen. The cout is used in conjunction with stream insertion operator (<<) to display the output on a console. On most program environments, the standard output by default is the screen, and the C++ stream object defined to access it is cout. The "c" in cout refers to "character" and "out" means "output". Hence cout means "character output". The cout object is used along with the insertion operator << in order to display a stream of characters.

The C++ comments are statements that are not executed by the compiler. The comments in C++ programming can be used to provide explanation of the code, variable, method or class. If we write comments on our code, it will be easier for us to understand the code in the future. Also, it will be easier for your fellow developers to understand the code. By the help of comments, you can hide the program code also. There are two types of comments in C++: • Single Line comment. • Multi Line comment

In computer programming, we use the if statement to run a block code only when a certain condition is met. An if statement can be followed by an optional else statement, which executes when the boolean expression is false. There are three forms of if...else statements in C++: • if statement, • if...else statement, • if...else if...else statement, The if statement evaluates the condition inside the parentheses ( ). If the condition evaluates to true, the code inside the body of if is executed. If the condition evaluates to false, the code inside the body of if is skipped.

#include is a way of including a standard or user-defined file in the program and is mostly written at the beginning of any C/C++ program. This directive is read by the preprocessor and orders it to insert the content of a user-defined or system header file into the following program. These files are mainly imported from an outside source into the current program. The process of importing such files that might be system-defined or user-defined is known as File Inclusion. This type of preprocessor directive tells the compiler to include a file in the source code program.

A program shall contain a global function named main, which is the designated start of the program in hosted environment. main() function is the entry point of any C++ program. It is the point at which execution of program is started. When a C++ program is executed, the execution control goes directly to the main() function. Every C++ program have a main() function.

The cin object is used to accept input from the standard input device i.e. keyboard. It is defined in the iostream header file. C++ cin statement is the instance of the class istream and is used to read input from the standard input device which is usually a keyboard. The extraction operator(>>) is used along with the object cin for reading inputs. The extraction operator extracts the data from the object cin which is entered using the keyboard. The "c" in cin refers to "character" and "in" means "input". Hence cin means "character input". The cin object is used along with the extraction operator >> in order to receive a stream of characters.

It affects the "value of the variable" from the Parameter List. There is a possibility to use the default values for the parameters in the parameters list. In this case you can assign a





3D array contains three for loops. to initialize and "print three dimensional" array, you have to use three for loops. Third for loop forms 1D array, Second for loop forms 2D array and the

Test if the stack is logically full. Return true if full, false otherwise. Get the "most recently" inserted item in the stack. Does not alter the stack. Return the most recently inserted item

Return a pseudorandom int, and change the internal state. Return a "pseudorandom" int, and change the internal state. does not work. Return a "pseudorandom" double in the open

It initializes the value current level, permutes the remaining values to the 'higher levels'. As the Assigning Action of the values reaches to the "Highest Level", it prints the permutation



This is a C++ Program to implement Graham Scan algorithm. 'Graham's scan' is a method of computing the convex hull of a finite set of points in the plane with time complexity O(n