C++ Programming Code Examples

/* Two-Dimension Transformation In Homogeneous Coordinate This Program Deals With All Two-D Transformation Such As Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Reflection, Shearing In Homogeneous Coordinates. */ //TwoDimensional Transformations In Homogeneous #include<graphics.h> #include<iostream.h> #include<Math.h> #include<conio.h> #define maxsize 3 class D_2 { private: double Points[maxsize][maxsize]; void Mult(double [maxsize][maxsize]); void MultTwoMat(double [maxsize][maxsize],double [maxsize][maxsize]); void Print(); int x,y; public: D_2(); void initialize(); void GetPoints(); void Draw(int); void DrawCord(); void Translate(); void Rotate(); void Reflect(); void Display(double[maxsize][maxsize]); void Shear(); void Scale_Fixed(); void Scale_Dir(); }; D_2::D_2() { for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i == (maxsize-1)) Points[i][j] = 1; else Points[i][j] = 0; } } initialize(); x = getmaxx(); y = getmaxy(); } void D_2::initialize() { int gdrive = DETECT,gmode; initgraph(&gdrive,&gmode,"c: cgi"); } void D_2::GetPoints() { closegraph(); cout<<"Enter The Points Of The Triangle. "; for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { cout<<"Enter Point "<<j+1<<":-"; for(int i=0;i<maxsize-1;i++) { cout<<" Enter "<<char(i+'X')<<": "; cin>>Points[i][j]; } } initialize(); } void D_2::Mult(double temp[maxsize][maxsize]) { int i,j,k; double z[maxsize][maxsize]; for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(j=0;j<maxsize;j++) z[i][j]=0; } for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { for(k=0;k<maxsize;k++) z[i][j]=z[i][j]+(temp[i][k] * Points[k][j]); } } for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { Points[i][j] = z[i][j]; } } } void D_2::Draw(int color) { int Poly[2*maxsize+2]; int k = 0; if(color == GREEN) DrawCord(); for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { for(int i=0;i<maxsize-1;i++) { if(i==0) Poly[k++] = x/2+Points[i][j]; else Poly[k++] = y/2-Points[i][j]; } } Poly[k++] = Poly[0]; Poly[k] = Poly[1]; setcolor(color); drawpoly(4,Poly); } void D_2::Display(double Mat[maxsize][maxsize]) { for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { cout<<Mat[i][j]<<" "; } cout<<" "; } } void D_2::Print() { setcolor(GREEN); setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,GREEN); fillellipse(19,36,2,2); outtextxy(23,34," Original Triangle"); setcolor(MAGENTA); setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,MAGENTA); fillellipse(x-178,y-32,2,2); outtextxy(x-175,y-34," Tranformed Triangle"); } void D_2::DrawCord() { setcolor(12); line(x/2,0,x/2,y); line(0,y/2,x,y/2); setcolor(10); setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,10); fillellipse(x/2,y/2,2,2); for(int i=(x/2+50),j=(x/2-50);i<=x,j>=0;i=i+50,j=j-50) { fillellipse(i,y/2,2,2); fillellipse(j,y/2,2,2); } for(i=(y/2+50),j=(y/2-50);i<=x,j>=0;i=i+50,j=j-50) { fillellipse(x/2,i,2,2); fillellipse(x/2,j,2,2); } outtextxy(x/2+3,y/2+4,"0"); outtextxy(x/2+45,y/2+5,"50"); outtextxy(x/2+95,y/2+5,"100"); outtextxy(x/2+145,y/2+5,"150"); outtextxy(x/2+195,y/2+5,"200"); outtextxy(x/2+245,y/2+5,"250"); outtextxy(x/2+295,y/2+5,"300"); outtextxy(x/2-65,y/2+5,"-50"); outtextxy(x/2-115,y/2+5,"-100"); outtextxy(x/2-165,y/2+5,"-150"); outtextxy(x/2-215,y/2+5,"-200"); outtextxy(x/2-265,y/2+5,"-250"); outtextxy(x/2-315,y/2+5,"-300"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2+45,"-50"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2+95,"-100"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2+145,"-150"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2+195,"-200"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2-50,"50"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2-100,"100"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2-150,"150"); outtextxy(x/2+5,y/2-200,"200"); } void D_2::MultTwoMat(double temp[maxsize][maxsize],double temp1[maxsize][maxsize]) { int i,j,k; double z[maxsize][maxsize]; for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(j=0;j<maxsize;j++) z[i][j]=0; } for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { for(k=0;k<maxsize;k++) z[i][j]=z[i][j]+(temp[i][k] * temp1[k][j]); } } for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { temp1[i][j] = z[i][j]; } } } void D_2::Translate() { int Tx,Ty; double Trans[maxsize][maxsize]; closegraph(); cout<<"Enter Translation Factor Along X-Axis: "; cin>>Tx; cout<<"Enter Translation Factor Along Y-Axis: "; cin>>Ty; initialize(); for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { if(i==j) Trans[i][j] = 1; else Trans[i][j] = 0; } } Trans[0][maxsize-1] = Tx; Trans[1][maxsize-1] = Ty; Draw(GREEN); Mult(Trans); Draw(MAGENTA); Print(); } void D_2::Rotate() { double ang; const double PI = 22.0/7; double xr,yr; double TransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double RotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvTransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; closegraph(); cout<<"Enter Angle Of Rotation: "; cin>>ang; cout<<"Enter Point Of Rotation: X: "; cin>>xr; cout<<" Y: "; cin>>yr; initialize(); ang = (PI * ang)/180.0; setcolor(YELLOW); setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,YELLOW); fillellipse(x/2+xr,y/2-yr,2,2); outtextxy(x/2+xr,y/2-yr-2," Point Of Rotation"); //Transformation Matrix //Translate arbitrary point to origin then rotate then translate back. for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i == j) { TransMat[i][j] = 1; InvTransMat[i][j] = 1; RotMat[i][j] = 1; } else { TransMat[i][j] = 0; InvTransMat[i][j] = 0; RotMat[i][j] = 0; } } } TransMat[0][2] = -xr; TransMat[1][2] = -yr; InvTransMat[0][2] = xr; InvTransMat[1][2] = yr; RotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); RotMat[0][1] = -sin(ang); RotMat[1][0] = sin(ang); RotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); Draw(GREEN); Print(); MultTwoMat(InvTransMat,RotMat); MultTwoMat(RotMat,TransMat); Mult(TransMat); Draw(MAGENTA); } void D_2::Reflect() { double ang; double a,b,c; double xr,yr; double TransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double RotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvTransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvRotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double RefMat[maxsize][maxsize]; closegraph(); cout<<"Enter The Line (ax+by+c=0): "; cout<<" a: "; cin>>a; cout<<" b: "; cin>>b; cout<<" c: "; cin>>c; if(b!=0) { yr = (-c/b); xr = 0; double m = -a/b; ang = atan(m); } else { yr = 0; xr = (-c/a); ang = 22.0/14.0; // Angle = PI/2 } initialize(); //Transformation Matrix //Translate arbitrary point to origin then rotate then translate back. for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i == j) { TransMat[i][j] = 1; InvTransMat[i][j] = 1; RotMat[i][j] = 1; InvRotMat[i][j] = 1; RefMat[i][j] = 1; } else { TransMat[i][j] = 0; InvTransMat[i][j] = 0; RotMat[i][j] = 0; InvRotMat[i][j] = 0; RefMat[i][j] = 0; } } } TransMat[0][2] = -xr; TransMat[1][2] = -yr; InvTransMat[0][2] = xr; InvTransMat[1][2] = yr; RotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); RotMat[0][1] = sin(ang); RotMat[1][0] = -sin(ang); RotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); InvRotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); InvRotMat[0][1] = -sin(ang); InvRotMat[1][0] = sin(ang); InvRotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); for(i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i==j) RefMat[i][j] = pow(-1,i)*1; else RefMat[i][j] = 0; } } Print(); Draw(GREEN); MultTwoMat(InvTransMat,InvRotMat); MultTwoMat(InvRotMat,RefMat); MultTwoMat(RefMat,RotMat); MultTwoMat(RotMat,TransMat); Mult(TransMat); Draw(MAGENTA); } void D_2::Shear() { double ang; double a,b,c; double xr,yr,shx; double TransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double RotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvTransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvRotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double ShearMat[maxsize][maxsize]; closegraph(); cout<<"Enter The Line (ax+by+c=0): "; cout<<" a: "; cin>>a; cout<<" b: "; cin>>b; cout<<" c: "; cin>>c; cout<<"Enter Shearing Factor Along X-Axis: "; cin>>shx; if(b!=0) { yr = (-c/b); xr = 0; double m = -a/b; ang = atan(m); } else { yr = 0; xr = (-c/a); ang = 22.0/14.0; // Angle = PI/2 } initialize(); //Transformation Matrix for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i == j) { TransMat[i][j] = 1; InvTransMat[i][j] = 1; RotMat[i][j] = 1; InvRotMat[i][j] = 1; ShearMat[i][j] = 1; } else { TransMat[i][j] = 0; InvTransMat[i][j] = 0; RotMat[i][j] = 0; InvRotMat[i][j] = 0; ShearMat[i][j] = 0; } } } TransMat[0][2] = -xr; TransMat[1][2] = -yr; InvTransMat[0][2] = xr; InvTransMat[1][2] = yr; RotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); RotMat[0][1] = sin(ang); RotMat[1][0] = -sin(ang); RotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); InvRotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); InvRotMat[0][1] = -sin(ang); InvRotMat[1][0] = sin(ang); InvRotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); ShearMat[0][1] = shx; Print(); Draw(GREEN); MultTwoMat(InvTransMat,InvRotMat); MultTwoMat(InvRotMat,ShearMat); MultTwoMat(ShearMat,RotMat); MultTwoMat(RotMat,TransMat); Mult(TransMat); Draw(MAGENTA); } void D_2::Scale_Fixed() { double sx,sy; double xr,yr; double TransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double ScaleMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvTransMat[maxsize][maxsize]; closegraph(); cout<<"Enter The Scaling Factor Along X-Axis: "; cin>>sx; cout<<"Enter The Scaling Factor Along Y-Axis: "; cin>>sy; cout<<"Enter Point Of Scaling: X: "; cin>>xr; cout<<" Y: "; cin>>yr; initialize(); //Transformation Matrix for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i == j) { TransMat[i][j] = 1; InvTransMat[i][j] = 1; ScaleMat[i][j] = 1; } else { TransMat[i][j] = 0; InvTransMat[i][j] = 0; ScaleMat[i][j] = 0; } } } TransMat[0][2] = -xr; TransMat[1][2] = -yr; InvTransMat[0][2] = xr; InvTransMat[1][2] = yr; ScaleMat[0][0] = sx; ScaleMat[1][1] = sy; Draw(GREEN); Print(); MultTwoMat(InvTransMat,ScaleMat); MultTwoMat(ScaleMat,TransMat); Mult(TransMat); Draw(MAGENTA); } void D_2::Scale_Dir() { double sx,sy; double ang; const double PI = 22.0/7; double RotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double ScaleMat[maxsize][maxsize]; double InvRotMat[maxsize][maxsize]; closegraph(); cout<<"Enter The Scaling Factor Along X-Axis: "; cin>>sx; cout<<"Enter The Scaling Factor Along Y-Axis: "; cin>>sy; cout<<"Enter The Direction Of Scaling: "; cin>>ang; ang = (PI * ang)/180.0; initialize(); //Transformation Matrix for(int i=0;i<maxsize;i++) { for(int j=0;j<maxsize;j++) { if(i == j) { RotMat[i][j] = 1; InvRotMat[i][j] = 1; ScaleMat[i][j] = 1; } else { RotMat[i][j] = 0; InvRotMat[i][j] = 0; ScaleMat[i][j] = 0; } } } RotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); RotMat[0][1] = sin(ang); RotMat[1][0] = -sin(ang); RotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); InvRotMat[0][0] = cos(ang); InvRotMat[0][1] = -sin(ang); InvRotMat[1][0] = sin(ang); InvRotMat[1][1] = cos(ang); ScaleMat[0][0] = sx; ScaleMat[1][1] = sy; Draw(GREEN); Print(); MultTwoMat(RotMat,ScaleMat); MultTwoMat(ScaleMat,InvRotMat); Mult(InvRotMat); Draw(MAGENTA); } void main() { D_2 D1; D1.DrawCord(); getch(); int ch; D1.GetPoints(); D1.Draw(GREEN); getch(); do { closegraph(); clrscr(); cout<<"1.To ReDraw The Triangle. "; cout<<"2.Translate The Triangle. "; cout<<"3.Scaling The Triangle About Fixed Point. "; cout<<"4.Scaling The Triangle In A Direction. "; cout<<"5.Rotating The Triangle About Arbitrary Point. "; cout<<"6.Reflecting The Triangle About Arbitrary Line. "; cout<<"7.Shearing Of The Triangle. "; cout<<"8.Exit. "; cout<<"Enter The Choice: "; cin>>ch; D1.initialize(); switch(ch) { case 1: D1.GetPoints(); D1.Draw(GREEN); getch(); break; case 2: cleardevice(); D1.Translate(); getch(); closegraph(); break; case 3: cleardevice(); D1.Scale_Fixed(); getch(); closegraph(); break; case 4: cleardevice(); D1.Scale_Dir(); getch(); closegraph(); break; case 5: cleardevice(); D1.Rotate(); getch(); closegraph(); break; case 6: cleardevice(); D1.Reflect(); getch(); closegraph(); break; case 7: cleardevice(); D1.Shear(); getch(); closegraph(); break; case 8: return; default: cout<<" WRONG CHOICE. "; getch(); break; } }while(1); }