Happy Codings - Programming Code Examples
Html Css Web Design Sample Codes CPlusPlus Programming Sample Codes JavaScript Programming Sample Codes C Programming Sample Codes CSharp Programming Sample Codes Java Programming Sample Codes Php Programming Sample Codes Visual Basic Programming Sample Codes


C++ Programming Code Examples

C++ > Computer Graphics Code Examples

Program to Check Whether a Given Points are Colinear or Not

/* Program to Check Whether a Given Points are Colinear or Not */ #include <iostream> #include <time.h> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; const int LOW = 1; const int HIGH = 10; int main(int argc, char **argv) { int x, y, x1, x2, y1, y2; time_t seconds; time(&seconds); srand((unsigned int) seconds); x = rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; y = rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; x1 = rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; x2 = rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; y1 = rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; y2 = rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; cout << "The points are: (" << x << ", " << y << "), (" << x1 << ", " << y1 << "), & (" << x2 << ", " << y2 << ")\n"; cout << "The Equation of the line is : (" << (y2 - y1) << ")x+(" << (x1 - x2) << ")y+(" << (x2 * y1 - x1 * y2) << ") = 0\n"; int s = (y2 - y1) * x + (x1 - x2) * y + (x2 * y1 - x1 * y2); if (s < 0) cout << "The points are NOT colinear"; else if (s > 0) cout << "The points are NOT colinear"; else cout << "The points are colinear"; }

The if...else statement executes two different codes depending upon whether the test expression is true or false. Sometimes, a choice has to be made from more than 2 possibilities. The if...else ladder allows you to check between multiple test expressions and execute different statements. In C/C++ if-else-if ladder helps user decide from among multiple options. The C/C++ if statements are executed from the top down. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement associated with that if is executed, and the rest of the C else-if ladder is bypassed. If none of the conditions is true, then the final else statement will be executed.

Get current time. Get the current calendar time as a value of type time_t. The function returns this value, and if the argument is not a null pointer, it also sets this value to the object pointed by timer. The value returned generally represents the number of seconds since 00:00 hours, Jan 1, 1970 UTC (i.e., the current unix timestamp). Although libraries may use a different representation of time: Portable programs should not use the value returned by this function directly, but always rely on calls to other elements of the standard library to translate them to portable types (such as localtime, gmtime or difftime).

Consider a situation, when we have two persons with the same name, jhon, in the same class. Whenever we need to differentiate them definitely we would have to use some additional information along with their name, like either the area, if they live in different area or their mother's or father's name, etc. Same situation can arise in your C++ applications. For example, you might be writing some code that has a function called xyz() and there is another library available which is also having same function xyz(). Now the compiler has no way of knowing which version of xyz() function you are referring to within your code.

Initialize random number generator. The pseudo-random number generator is initialized using the argument passed as seed. The C++ <cstdlib> srand() function seeds the pseudo-random number generator used by rand() function. If rand() is used before any calls to srand(), rand() behaves as if it was seeded with srand(1). For every different seed value used in a call to srand, the pseudo-random number generator can be expected to generate a different succession of results in the subsequent calls to rand. Two different initializations with the same seed will generate the same succession of results in subsequent calls to rand. If seed is set to 1, the generator is reinitialized to its initial value and produces the same values as before any call to rand or srand.

#include is a way of including a standard or user-defined file in the program and is mostly written at the beginning of any C/C++ program. This directive is read by the preprocessor and orders it to insert the content of a user-defined or system header file into the following program. These files are mainly imported from an outside source into the current program. The process of importing such files that might be system-defined or user-defined is known as File Inclusion. This type of preprocessor directive tells the compiler to include a file in the source code program.

Generate random number. Returns a pseudo-random integral number in the range between 0 and RAND_MAX. This number is generated by an algorithm that returns a sequence of apparently non-related numbers each time it is called. This algorithm uses a seed to generate the series, which should be initialized to some distinctive value using function srand. RAND_MAX is a constant defined in <cstdlib>. The rand() function in C++ is used to generate random numbers; it will generate the same number every time we run the program. In order to seed the rand() function, srand(unsigned int seed) is used. The srand() function sets the initial point for generating the pseudo-random numbers. The rand() function generates numbers randomly.

A program shall contain a global function named main, which is the designated start of the program in hosted environment. main() function is the entry point of any C++ program. It is the point at which execution of program is started. When a C++ program is executed, the execution control goes directly to the main() function. Every C++ program have a main() function.

In computer programming, we use the if statement to run a block code only when a certain condition is met. An if statement can be followed by an optional else statement, which executes when the boolean expression is false. There are three forms of if...else statements in C++: • if statement, • if...else statement, • if...else if...else statement, The if statement evaluates the condition inside the parentheses ( ). If the condition evaluates to true, the code inside the body of if is executed. If the condition evaluates to false, the code inside the body of if is skipped.




To delete all the vowels from the string in C++ programming, 'you have to ask' to the user to enter the string, now start checking for vowel ('i.e., a, A, e, E, i, I, o, O, u, U') to delete all the


This algorithm takes the input of the number of edges 'e' in the random "DAG". It connects 2 'Random Vertexes' and checks for any cycle generated due to this edge. If yes discard this