C++ Programming Code Examples
C++ > Data Structures Code Examples
To add and subtract two sparse matrices.
/* To add and subtract two sparse matrices.
Give two matrices in its simple form. */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
clrscr();
int sparse1[10][3],sparse2[10][3],sum[10][3],diff[10][3];
int m,n,p,q,t1,t2,s,d,element;
int i,j;
cout<<"Enter the number of rows and columns : ";
cin>>m>>n;
t1=t2=0;
cout<<"
Enter the first matrix("<<m<<"*"<<n<<"):
";
for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=n;j++)
{
cin>>element;
if(element!=0)
{
t1=t1+1;
sparse1[t1][1]=i;
sparse1[t1][2]=j;
sparse1[t1][3]=element;
}
}
}
sparse1[0][1]=m;
sparse1[0][2]=n;
sparse1[0][3]=t1;
cout<<"
Enter the second matrix("<<m<<"*"<<n<<"):
";
for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=n;j++)
{
cin>>element;
if(element!=0)
{
t2=t2+1;
sparse2[t2][1]=i;
sparse2[t2][2]=j;
sparse2[t2][3]=element;
}
}
}
sparse2[0][1]=m;
sparse2[0][2]=n;
sparse2[0][3]=t2;
// displaying the first sparse matrix
cout<<"
The first sparse matrix is :
Row Column Element";
cout<<"
-----------------------
";
for(i=0;i<=t1;i++)
{
cout<<sparse1[i][1]<<" "<<sparse1[i][2]<<" "<<sparse1[i][3]<<"
";
}
// displaying the second sparse matrix
cout<<"
The second sparse matrix is :
Row Column Element";
cout<<"
-----------------------
";
for(i=0;i<=t2;i++)
{
cout<<sparse2[i][1]<<" "<<sparse2[i][2]<<" "<<sparse2[i][3]<<"
";
}
// Addition and subtraction
i=j=s=d=1;
while((i<=t1)&&(j<=t2))
{
if(sparse1[i][1]==sparse2[j][1]) // if rows are equal
{
if(sparse1[i][2]==sparse2[j][2]) // if columns are equal
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse1[i][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse1[i][2];
sum[s][3]=sparse1[i][3]+sparse2[j][3];
diff[d][3]=sparse1[i][3]-sparse2[j][3];
i++;
j++;
if(sum[s][3]!=0)
s++;
if(diff[d][3]!=0)
d++;
}
else // if columns are not equal
{
if(sparse1[i][2]<sparse2[j][2])
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse1[i][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse1[i][2];
sum[s][3]=diff[d][3]=sparse1[i][3];
i++;
s++;
d++;
}
else
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse2[j][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse2[j][2];
sum[s][3]=sparse2[j][3];
diff[d][3]=0-sparse2[j][3];
j++;
d++;
s++;
}
}
}
else // if rows are not equal
{
if(sparse1[i][1]<sparse2[j][1])
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse1[i][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse1[i][2];
sum[s][3]=diff[d][3]=sparse1[i][3];
i++;
d++;
s++;
}
else
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse2[j][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse2[j][2];
sum[s][3]=sparse2[j][3];
diff[d][3]=0-sparse2[j][3];
j++;
s++;
d++;
}
}
} // end of while
if(i<=t1)
{
for(p=i;p<=t1;p++)
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse1[p][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse1[p][2];
sum[s][3]=diff[d][3]=sparse1[p][3];
s++;
d++;
}
}
else if(j<=t2)
{
for(p=j;p<=t2;p++)
{
sum[s][1]=diff[d][1]=sparse2[p][1];
sum[s][2]=diff[d][2]=sparse2[p][2];
sum[s][3]=sparse2[p][3];
diff[d][3]=0-sparse2[j][3];
s++;
d++;
}
}
// end of addition and subtraction
sum[0][1]=diff[0][1]=m;
sum[0][2]=diff[0][2]=n;
sum[0][3]=s-1;
diff[0][3]=d-1;
// displaying the sum matrix
cout<<"
The sum is :
Row Column Element";
cout<<"
-----------------------
";
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
{
cout<<sum[i][1]<<" "<<sum[i][2]<<" "<<sum[i][3]<<"
";
}
// displaying the difference matrix
cout<<"
The difference is :
Row Column Element";
cout<<"
-----------------------
";
for(i=0;i<d;i++)
{
cout<<diff[i][1]<<" "<<diff[i][2]<<" "<<diff[i][3]<<"
";
}
getch();
return 0;
}
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