C++ Programming Code Examples
C++ > Sorting Searching Code Examples
Find the Number of occurrences of a given Number using Binary Search approach
/* Find the Number of occurrences of a given Number using Binary Search approach
- Implement binary search tree to find the number of occurrences of a given number.
- The worst case time complexity of Binary search is O(n) but for the average case, it is O(log(n)).
- Construct binary search tree for the given unsorted data array and maintain an additional count variable.
- If any element is repeated then increase the count of that node.
- Proceed with the search by comparing an element to the data of the node and print the count of that particular data element.
- Exit. */
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
// A structure representing a node of a tree.
struct node
{
int data;
int count;
node *left;
node *right;
};
// A function creating a new node of the tree and assigning the data.
node* CreateNode(int data)
{
node *newnode = new node;
newnode->data = data;
newnode->count = 1;
newnode->left = NULL;
newnode->right = NULL;
return newnode;
}
// A function creating binary search tree.
node* InsertIntoTree(node* root, int data)
{
// Create node using data from argument list.
node *temp = CreateNode(data);
node *t = new node;
t = root;
// If root is null, assign it to the node created.
if(root == NULL)
root = temp;
else
{
// Find the position for the new node to be inserted.
while(t != NULL)
{
// If the new data is already there then just increase the counter.
if(t->data == data)
{
t->count++;
break;
}
else if(t->data < data )
{
if(t->right == NULL)
{
// If current node is NULL then insert the node.
t->right = temp;
break;
}
// Shift pointer to the left.
t = t->right;
}
else if(t->data > data)
{
if(t->left == NULL)
{
// If current node is NULL then insert the node.
t->left = temp;
break;
}
// Shift pointer to the left.
t = t->left;
}
}
}
return root;
}
// A function to search item in a BST.
void Search(node *root, int data)
{
node *temp = new node;
temp = root;
// Run the loop until temp points to a NULL pointer or data element is found.
while(temp != NULL)
{
if(temp->data == data)
{
cout<<"\nData item "<<data<<" is present "<<temp->count<<" number of times.";
return;
}
// Shift pointer to left child.
else if(temp->data > data)
temp = temp->left;
// Shift pointer to right child.
else
temp = temp->right;
}
cout<<"\n Data not found";
return;
}
int main()
{
char ch;
int n, i, a[25] = {24, 17, 83, 8, 46, 37, 26, 92, 47, 43, 32, 26, 28, 17, 73, 28, 43, 22, 88, 43, 93, 81, 77, 23, 97};
node *root = new node;
root = NULL;
// Construct the BST.
for(i = 0; i < 25; i++)
root = InsertIntoTree(root, a[i]);
up:
cout<<"\nEnter the Element to be searched: ";
cin>>n;
Search(root, n);
// Ask user to enter choice for further searching.
cout<<"\n\n\tDo you want to search more...enter choice(y/n)?";
cin>>ch;
if(ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
goto up;
return 0;
}
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